Generative Reading of Architectural Precedents and their use in the design process

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Architecture, Professor Hesabi Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tafresh, Iran

2 Department of Art and Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Architecture. Professor Hesabi Branch. Islamic Azad University. Tafresh. Iran

10.22034/ias.2021.310060.1765

Abstract

Referring to Precedents and studying them in the design process is a common activity performed by designers and if done correctly can help them solve design problems and lead to the formation of creative ideas. but, there is also a risk of superficial perception, which traps them in the trap of imitation. Therefore, how to read the Precedents and use them in the design process is of particular importance. The present study was conducted with the aim of drawing a framework and in order to create a model for generative reading of precedents and their use in the architectural design process. The generative capacity of reading precedents is related to disclosing viable principles in the analyzed work, and it aims to make the connection between analysis and design. To this end, it begins with a summary of the formalist critique approach as a model for reading architectural works and continues with a discussion of precedents as a source of design knowledge. Before concluding, it raises three important areas through three questions and examines them to draw its framework. Finally, as a conclusion, it proposes two approaches in utilizing precedents, during which we can study the precedents and approximate configuration with abstract diagrams and apply them to future situations in the first step, as well as develop them creatively to adapt to new situations at a later stage. And Discuss and apply the proposed framework as a way to study precedents in the design process.

Keywords


آنتونیادس. آنتونی سی. (1391). بوطیقای معماری؛ آفرینش در معماری. (احمدرضا آی، مترجم). تهران: سروش.
ذاکری. محمدحسین. (1391). بهره­گیری خلاقانه از پیشینه­ها در طراحی معماری. رساله دکتری معماری، دانشگاه تهران، پردیس هنرهای زیبا، دانشکده معماری.
کوهن. توماس اس. (1387). ساختار انقلاب­های علمی. ترجمه: عباس طاهری، تهران: قصه. (نشر اثر اصلی1970)
علی­پور. لیلا. (1398). «ارتقای ایده­آفرینی در طراحی معماری به روش اقدام پژوهی». نشریه هنرهای زیبا-معماری و شهرسازی. دوره 4، شماره 3، صص59-47.
مهردوست. الهام و احمد امین­پور و حمید ندیمی. (1398). «مدل کاربرد نقد جهت بهره­گیری از پیشینه­ها در آموزش و طراحی معماری». هویت شهر، شماره 37، صص44-33.
Allen, S. (1998). “Diagrams Matter.” In ANY Magazine 23.
Akin. O. (2002). Case-based instruction strategies in architecture. Design studies. 23(4). 407-431
Anay. H. (2006). On the Relevance of Karl Popper’s Epistemology for rchitectural education in built environment and information technologies proceedings of CIB. PGRC
Bakarman. A. (2002). Architectural Learning Tool. PhD thesis, University of Sheffield. Uk
Clark. R H and Pause. M. (1985). Precedents in architecture. Van Nostrand Reeinhold. New York.
Christensen. B. T & Schunn. C. D. (2007). The Relationship of Analogical Distance to Analogical function and Preinventive structure: The case of Engineering Design, Memory & Congnition 35(1).pp29-38.   
Dumas. D; Schmidt. L. C & Alexander. P. A. (2016). Predicting Creative Problem Solving in Engineering Design, Thinking Skills and Creativity 21. Pp.50-66.
Erlich. Viktor. (1985). Russian Formalism, History and Doctrine. London: Yale University Press.
Eilouti. B. H. (2009). Design Knowledge recycling using precedent-based analysis and synthesis models. Design studies.30. 340-368.
Erlich. Viktor. 1985. Russian Formalism, History and Doctrine. London: Yale University Press.
Grandy, R. (2006). Thomas Kuhn. In Sahotra Sarkar & Jessica Pfrifer (Eds.), The philosophy of science; An encyclopedia (pp. 419-431). London: Routledge.
Health. T. (1984). Method in Architecture. Chichester. Wiley.
Holyoak. K. J & Thagard. P. (1997). The Analogical Mind. American Psychologist 52(1). Pp.35-44.
Kuhn. T. (1977). Second thoughts on paradigms in the essential tension. The university of Chicago press. Chicago and London. Pp.239-319.
Le Corbusier. (1960). Creation is a Patient Research. New York: Frederick A.Praeger.