The Comparison of Sanai and Rumi's Outlooks Towards Women

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. student of Department of Persian Language and Literature, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.

2 Assistant professor. Department of Persian Language and Literature, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.

3 Associate professor at Department of Persian Language and Literature, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.

Abstract

The position and prominence of women in any society is associated to the attitude of the time and individuals towards women. The place of women in Iranian society has always has been controversial. In the meantime, the works of poets can be a mirror for understanding the situation of women. By considering the fact that the worldview of every poet, writer, or thinker is influenced by the intellectual, social, and cultural memory of the time and place in which the person exists; Sanai and Rumi are prominent Iranian poets whose works reflect the political, social and cultural conditions of their life. The issue raised in this study is the transformation of the position of women in society during the time of the mentioned poets. This research is accomplished by a descriptive and analytical method and relies on library data. Findings show that from the Sanai to Rumi periods, a unique social and cultural change took place that led to the enhancement of the status of women and this has been effective in the depiction of women's personalities. Sanai has a mainly negative and critical view of women and rarely cares about her position as a mother and in the service of her religious attitude towards women; nonetheless, Rumi considers woman as a manifestation of divine beauty; furthermore, in Rumi's poetry, woman is the soul, earth, and essence, and she complements creation and this distinguishes the manner in which the female figure is depicted in the poetry of Sanai.
Research aims:
1. Corresponding the image of a woman in the poems of Sanai and Rumi.
2. Analysis of effective factors in drawing the image of women in the period of Sanai and Rumi.
Research questions:
1. What are the differences between the female image in the poems of Sanai and Rumi?
2. What factors were involved in drawing the image of women in the period of Sanai and Rumi?

Keywords

References

Abazari, Y. (2000). Religions of the Ancient World, Volume I, Tehran: Institute of Scientific and Cultural Studies and Research. [In Persian].
Baha'u'lvold, M. (1880). Ma'aref, Tehran: Tahoori Library. [In Persian].
Emami, N. (2009). "Woman in Rumi's Masnavi", Educational and Lyrical Research of Persian Language and Literature, No. 1, pp. 34-27. [In Persian].
Har'amli, M. (2007). Guiding the Ummah to the Rules of the Imams - Selected Issues, 8 volumes, Tehran, Islamic Research Complex. [In Persian].
Jami, A. (2007). Masnavi Haft Orang, edited by Modarres Gilani, Tehran, Ahura Publications, Mahtab. [In Persian].
Molavi, J. (1989).  with corrections and margins of Badi'at-e-Zaman Forouzanfar, Tehran: Amirkabir. [In Persian]
Molavi, J.  (2003). Masnavi Manavi, correction, introduction and discovery of verses by Ghavamuddin Khorramshahi, Tehran: Friends. [In Persian].
Molavi, J. (2008). Generalities of Divan Shams, edited by Forouzanfar, Tehran: Negah.
Molavi, J. (2012). Sabaleh Councils, edited by Dr. Fereydoon Nafez, Tehran, Jami Publishing [In Persian].
Mullah Mohsen F. (1993). Generalities of Rumi Feyz Kashani's poems, with introduction by Mohammad Ali Safir, corrected and confronted by Mohammad Peyman, Tehran: Sanai. [In Persian].
Nakhshbi, Z. (1999). Selk-ul-Suluk, edited by Gholam-Ali Aria, (Bija), Zavar Bookstore. [In Persian].
Nahj al, F. (2006). by Ali Shirvani, Qom: Dar al-Fikr Publications. [In Persian].
Ouhadi Maraghei, R. (2008). Generalities of Ouhadi Maraghei, (Divan, Mantiq al-Ishaq, Jam Jam), with effort and introduction by Ali Moradi Maraghei, Tehran: Ouhadi. [In Persian].
Sabzevari, M.  (2005). Sharh Nebras Al-Huda - Arjuzeh Fi Al-Fiqh, Qom: Bidar Publications. [In Persian].
Saeedi, Gol Baba (2008), Hijab Hasti, by Mohiyeddin ibn Arabi, Tehran: Zavar. [In Persian].
Safa, Zabihollah (1363), History of Literature in Iran, Volume 2-4, Tehran: Ferdowsi Publications. [In Persian].
Sanaei, Gh. (2004). Hadiqah al-Haqiqa and Sharia al-Tariqah, edited by Mohammad Taghi Modarres Razavi, Tehran: University of Tehran Press. [In Persian].
Sattari, J.  (1994). The image of women in Iranian culture, Tehran: Center. [In Persian].
Sattari, J. (2007). An Introduction to Mystical Cryptography, Tehran: Center. [In Persian].
Sattari, J. (2010). Sufi Love, Tehran: Markaz Publishing. [In Persian].
Tadayon, M. (2005). "Interpretation of the first story of Masnavi", Journal of the Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Isfahan, Vol. 41, pp. 1-43. [In Persian].
Toghyani, Ishaq (1371), "Symbolism in Rumi's words and analysis of the story of the king and the maid", Quarterly Journal of the Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Vol. 8, pp. 51-75. [In Persian]
Women's social life in the history of Iran. (1995). Cultural Research Office affiliated with Cinema Cultural Centers, Tehran: Amirkabir. [In Persian].
Zarrinkoob, A. (2007). with Hilla Caravan, Tehran: Scientific Publications. [In Persian].

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics