Determining the Parameters and Indicators of Problem-Solving Issues in the Process of Architectural Design

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

PhD, Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Design in architecture has evolved under the influence of various factors. Each design has its own unique features. However, the component of time and cultural and social developments has become an imperative factor in the process of architectural design. The subject examined in this research is understanding the evolution of the architectural design process. The method of this research is carried out via documentary studies and is based on a descriptive-analytical method considering models and theories of the architectural design process based on their historical course. Findings show that one of the most chief weaknesses of common models of architectural design process is the linearity of the path from problem to solution and this leads to lack of analysis of aspects of the problem and mismatch of solutions with the issue under study. Moreover, this has encouraged the designer to prioritize selective patterns to guide the decision-making process. In some models, the linear path of the problem to the solution in the extreme case leads to the deconstruction of the main problem into micro-problems and the production of non-practical solutions that in practice do not answer the design problems. The results of the research lead to the explanation and classification of parameters and problem-oriented indicators in the process of architectural design.
Research aims:
1. To identify the parameters and indicators of the problem-solving issues in the architectural design process.
2. To investigate the possibility of achieving comprehensive architectural design models.
Research questions:
1. What are the parameters of the design process in architecture?
2. How can comprehensive architectural design models be achieved by studying the architectural design process?

Keywords


Albaness MA, Mitchell S. (1993). "Problem-based learning: a review of literature on its outcomes and implementation issues", Acad Med, 68 (1), pp. 52-81.
Agabani, F.A. (1980). Cognitive Aspects in Architectural Design Problem Solving, PHD thesis, University of Sheffield.
Chen, C. (2010). "Teaching Problem Solving and Database Skills that Transfer", Journal of Business Research, vol.63, pp. 175-188.
Cross, N. (2007). From a Design Science to a Design Discipline: Understanding Designedly Ways of Knowing and Thinking, Chapter 2 in Design Research Now Essays and Selected Projects, Germany, Birkhauser.
Daneshgar Moghaddam, G. (2011). Design problem: examining its dimensions, features and scope in the process of teaching architecture. Fifteenth article in the Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Architecture Education, University of Tehran. [In Persian]
Durak, D. P. (2010). Architectural planning: information management for design. Translated by Seyed Amir Saeed Mahmoudi, Tehran: University of Tehran Publishing and Printing Institute. [In Persian]
Dorst, K and Cross, N. (2001). Creativity in the Design Process: Co-evolution of the Problem Solution. Design Studies 22 (5). Pp.425-437.
Eckert, C and Stacey, M. (2000). Sources of Inspiration: A Language of Design. Design Studies 21 (5), pp. 523-538.
Gregory, S. A. (1966). The Design Method, London. Butterworths.
Hertzberger, H. (1991). Lessons for Students in Architecture, Rotterdam, Uitgeverij 010.
Hojjat, I. (2010). Architecture Exercise, Tehran: University of Tehran Publishing and Printing Institute. [In Persian]
Khairollahi, M. (2013). Imaginary manuscripts in the process of architectural design. City Identity, (14) 7, pp. 82-71. [In Persian]
Lawson, B. R. (1990). How Designers Think, Fourth Edition: The Design Process Demystified.
Lawson, B. R. (1993). Parallel Lines of Thought, Languages ​​of Design 1 (4), pp.357-366.
Lawson, B. R. and Pilling, S. (1996). The Cost and Value of Design, Architectural Research Quarterly 4 (1), pp. 82-89.
Translated by Hamid Nadimi, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University Press. [In Persian]
Mahmoudi, S. S. (1998). Teaching the process of architectural design using students' latent talents, Fine Arts, vols. 4 and 5, pp. 81-75. [In Persian]
Nari Qomi, M. (2015). Problem paradigms in architecture. Tehran: Alam Memar Publications. [In Persian]
Pena, W. M and Parshall, S. A. (2001). Problem Seeking: An Architectural Programming Primer, New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Piotrowski, C. M. (2011). Problem solving and critical thinking for designers. Translated by Seyed Muslim Seyed Al-Hosseini, Tehran: Tahan Publications. [In Persian]
Rezaei, M. (2014). Review of the design process: Decoding analogy as the main method of creating space and form, City Identity, (18) 8, pp. 71-80. [In Persian]
Reichenbach, Bruce R. (2001). Introduction to Critical Thinking, Boston, McGraw-Hill.
Weisberg, R. W. (2006). Creativity: Understanding Innovation in Problem Solving, Science, Invention and the Art, USA, John Wiley & Sons Inc.