The Role of Peace in Stabilizing and Strengthening Human Dignity and Identity and its Reflection in the Paintings of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution Era

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 P. H. D., Student, Department of Public Law, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.

2 P. H. D., Associate Professor, Department of Public Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

3 P. H. D., Associate Professor, Department of Public Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

10.22034/ias.2020.247153.1330

Abstract

The concept of peace should be reflected as one of the significant categories in the field of international and domestic laws of countries that behold a distinct place in human rights education documents; moreover, the realization of examples of human rights learning and their identification and objectification clarifies the preconditions for the realization of peace. Supporting the education of human rights is one of the necessities of the world today, in this sense, the right to having peace is of special importance and has a special status from many international and even national forums. Considering today's increasing need of mankind for peace and tranquility and that this right is the foundation for other human rights including sustainable development, humanitarian aid and other factors, investigation and discussion related to the category of peace and the obligations of the administrations in meeting such rights will be fully discussed in this article. The present research has been carried out using descriptive and analytical method and by relying on the data of library sources. The findings of the research indicate that the necessity of peace at both national and international levels is to preserve human rights and dignity; moreover, such efforts can also be reflected in the paintings of the constitutional revolution era of Iran.

Research aims:
1. Examining the duties of the government in order to guarantee the right to peace and respect the rights of citizens.
2. Investigating peace and human rights in paintings during the constitutional revolution of Iran.

Research questions:
1. What role can governments play in creating peace and maintaining human dignity?
2. What categories of human rights are there in the paintings of the constitutional era?

Keywords


Aflaki Sureshjani, M.; Sepahran, K. & Moridi, M. R. (2016). "Investigating the direction of the painting system during the constitutional revolution", Fine Arts-Visual Arts, No. 1, pp. 107-122. [In Persian]
Alston, P. (1984). Conjuring up new Human Rights: A Proposal for Quality Control, American Journal of International Law, 78 (1).
Augment, K. & Darkinton, C. P. (1996). "The influence of culture in multilateral negotiations", translated by Mohammad Ali Shakuri, United Nations Study Quarterly, numbers 2 and 3. [In Persian]
Amirarjamand, A. (2002). Collection of International Documents on Human Rights Education, Volume 1, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University Press. [In Persian]
Boutros, B. G. (1992). An Agenda for Peace: Preventive diplomacy, peacemaking and peace-keeping, United Nations.
Bruno, B. (2004). Democracy in the history and thought of the West, translated by Abbas Bagheri, Tehran: Ney Publishing. [In Persian]
Bushehri, J. (1970). Generalities and fundamental rights of Iran. Tehran: Tehran University Press. [In Persian]
Buergenthal, T. & Kiss, A. (1991). la protection internationale des droits de l’homme, Kehl, Editions N. P. Engel.
Denters, E. (1992). the Right to Development in International Law, London: Martinu Nijhoff.
Douglas, R. (2003). the Human Right to Peace, Toronto: Novalis Press.
Epps, V. (1998).  Peace and Democracy: The Link and the Policy Implications, ISLA Journal of International and Comparative Law, 4(2).
Fallah Zadeh, A. M. (2007). The ratio of citizenship rights and human rights education, Tehran Justice Journal, no 8. [In Persian]
Fathi Vajargah, K. & Chokdeh, S. (2009). Citizenship education in schools, Tehran: Nasha Ayin. [In Persian]
Forsythe, D. P. (1993) human rights and peace: international and national dimensions, University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln.
Franck, T. M. (1995).  Fairness in International law and institutions, England: Oxford.
Katouzian, N. (2007). Basics of public law, 3rd edition, Tehran: Mizan publishing house. [In Persian]
Kirchner, S. (2004). the Human Rights Dimensions of International Peace and Security: Humanitarian Intervention after 9/11, Journal of Humanitarian Assistance.
Kofi, A. (1997). United Nations Secretary General's speech on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Education at the University of Tehran on December 10, 1997, Tehran: United Nations Office in Tehran. [In Persian]
Kooijmans, P. H. (1990).  Human Rights – Universal Panacea? Some Reflections on the so-called Human Rights of the Third Generation, Netherlands International Law Review, 37(3).
Hobbs, T. (2004). Leviathan, translated by Hossein Bashirieh, 3rd edition, Tehran: Nei Publications. [In Persian]
Mehrpour, H. (2004). International Human Rights Education System, 2nd edition, Tehran: Information Publications. [In Persian]
Najafi Abrandabadi, A. H. (2011). About security science, introduction to human-oriented management of a crime, Soudabeh Rizvani, Tehran: Mizan publishing house. [In Persian]
Nastase, A. (1991). The Right to Peace, in Mohammed Bedjaoui: International Law Achievements and Prospects, Paris: UNESCO.
Qari Seyed Fatemi, S. M. (2010). Human rights education in the contemporary world: Analytical essays on rights and freedoms, 3rd edition, Tehran: Shahr Danesh Publications. [In Persian]
Pomerantz, P. R. (2011).  Development Theory, London: SAGE Publications.
Research School of Strategic Studies. (1999). A collection of political-security articles, volume 1, Tehran: Institute of Strategic Studies. [In Persian]
Simud, M. N. (2004). Encyclopedia of democracy. Translated by Kamran Fani and Nouraleh Moradi, Volume 2, Tehran: Ministry of Foreign Affairs Printing and Publishing Center. [In Persian]
Tabatabaei Mutamani, M. (2009). Public freedoms and human rights education, 4th edition, Tehran: Tehran University Press. [In Persian]
Sabine, G. H. & Thomas, L. T. (1973). A History of Political Theory, 4th ed, Oxford and I.B.H. Publishing Co: New Delhi Press.
United Nations Development Programme. (1994). Human Development Report, New York: Oxford University Press.
Vasak, K. (1978). les demensions internatinals des droits de l’homme, Manuel destine a l’enseignement des droits de l’homme dans les universities, Paris: Imprime Par Snoeck- Ducaju & Fils, Gand(Belgique).
World Bank. (2001). World Development Report, New York: Oxford University Press.
Zarei, K. & Shamlou, Gh. R. (2017). "Explaining the influential role of coffee house in the formation of coffee house painting", Archaeological Studies, No. 5, pp. 159-143. [In Persian].