Timurid Tents and Enclosures based on the Juxtaposition of Zafar-nameh of Yazdi and Narrative of the Embassy of Ruy Gonzales de Clavijo

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

10.22034/ias.2018.91839

Abstract

As the histories record accounts, alluding to contexts of events is unavoidable; so they include some descriptions of the handicrafts belonging to the context, therefore, the histories can be placed among the main resources of art and culture subjects. Subjects such as tents, which were very usual in Timurid time. Different kinds of Timurid tents were introduced by various native terms in the histories such as Zafar-nameh. However, the tents due to being used routinely those days and writing about such things in the histories was disdained, there are few detailed descriptions of them in the book and most of them are couched in literary terms. So the lack of information cannot depict their characteristic features thoroughly. Fortunately, the absence is eliminated by Clavijo’s descriptions in his book, contemporary with Zafar-nameh. As the tourists and visitors are more interested in unusual things, which are almost rare in their lands, they give much more explanations. Clavijo, the ambassador of Spain, has compiled an extremely detailed account on the various tents during his journey to Timur territory. This article, based on resources, extracts the names referred to tents from Zafar-nameh at first, and a general meaning of each word according to the context. Then by the juxtaposition with Narrative of the Embassy of Ruy Gonzales de Clavijo brings the detailed descriptionsto complete the depiction of various tents. However, passing the centuries after Timurid time and extinction of some kinds of tents have made their names disused and forgotten or their meanings completely changed.

Keywords

References

کتاب­ها:
کلاویخو، روی گنزالز (۱۳۳۷)، سفرنامۀ کلاویخو، ترجمۀ مسعود رجب‌نیا، تهران، بنگاه ترجمه و نشر کتاب.
یزدی، شرف‌الدین علی (۱۳۳۶)، ظفرنامه، به اهتمام محمد عباسی، ۲ج، تهران، امیرکبیر.
یزدی، شرف‌الدین علی (۱۳۸۷)، ظفرنامه. به تحقیق و تصحیح سید سعید میرمحمدصادق و عبدالحسین نوایی، ۲ج، تهران، کتابخانه موزه و مرکز اسناد مجلس شورای اسلامی.
منابع انگلیسی:
Books:
Clavijo, Ruy Gonzalez (1859), Narrative of the Embassy of Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo to the Court of Timour at Samarcand A.D. 1403-6, Hakluyt Society, London.
Clavijo, Ruy Gonzalez (1337), Narrative of Clavijo,translator Masoud Rajab-nia, Tehran, Bongah-e tarjomeh va nashr-e ketab.
Yazdi, Sharaf-aldin Ali (1336), Zafar-nameh, editor Mohammad Abbasi, Tehran, Amir kabir.
Yazdi, Sharaf-aldin Ali (1336), Zafar-nameh, editors Seyyed Saeed Mir mohammad sadeq and Abd-alhossein Navaee, Tehran, Ketabkhaneh muze va markaz-e asnad-e majles-e shovra-e Eslami.
 PHD Thesis:
Andrews, Peter Alford (1980), “The Felt Tent in Middle Asia: The Nomadic Tradition and its Interaction with Princely Tentage”, Doctor of Philosophy.
Articles:
Gronke, Monika, (1992), “The Persian Court between Palace and Tent: from Timur to Abbas I”, Timurid art and culture: Iran and central Asia in the fifteenth century, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pp.18-22.
O’Kane, Bernard, (1993), “From Tents to Pavilions: Royal Mobility and Persian Palace Design”, Ars Orientalis, (23), University of Michigan, pp.249-268.
Wilber, Donald, (1979), “The Timurid court: Life in Gardens and tents”, Iran, (17), British institute of Persian Studies, pp.127-133.
 منابع تصاویر:
فردوسی، ابوالقاسم (۱۳۹۲)، شاهنامۀ شاه طهماسبی، تهران، فرهنگستان هنر و مؤسسۀ تألیف ترجمه و نشر آثار هنری.
یزدی، شرف‌الدین علی (۹۳۵ ق)، ظفرنامه، نسخۀ خطی به کتبة سلطان محمد نور و ذهبة میرعضد و صورة بهزاد، شمارۀ دفتر ۷۰۸، نگهداری‌شده در کتابخانۀ کاخ گلستان.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics