A Study on the Irrational Proportion in the Structure of Thuluth Scripts

Document Type : Original Article

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Abstract

Abstract
Undoubtedly, one of the influential ways of assessing art works qualities is to examine its geometrical order and proportions. Also, the existence of golden proportion criterion and mathematical and geometrical proportion in the world as well as the incomparable order in the world components confirm the existence of mathematical secrets and mysteries in the world and also endorse the importance of these ways in art works assessment. On the other hand, the emphasis and many applications of geometry in Islamic art have made this issue more important to the researchers. Thuluth script has a very prominent importance among Islamic Calligraphy in Islamic art. In this study, first we dealt with the record and importance of geometry in Islamic and Greek thoughts, then, we introduced the most significant ways of irrational numbers ‘proportion measurement. Therefore, having assessed the form of Thuluth script alphabets based on irrational numbers proportion and comparing those ratios to the alphabets the existence of those proportions in Thuluth calligraphy could be recognized. In this research, the accomplished analysis of individuals facts and some composites’ one of Thuluth script.
Thuluth was done though irrational numbers and golden proportion criteria in a descriptive-analytic way and information gathering was done by means of conformity of principles of this proportion with words of Thuluth script. To do so, the shapes similar to the alphabets in number of dots were omitted. Then, the geometrical proportion admissible ratios in form of alphabets through classification and analysis of those alphabets were discovered. The method of finding these ratios was based on putting some of those alphabets as proportion indicator. So, it was tried to appoint this criterion as an important part of the alphabets details. In addition, the short and long forms of alphabets were compared. Finally Thuluth script alphabets common components were introduced by making clear the combinability of words of this handwriting. In the end, it became clear that these alphabets follow irrational numbers proportion as well as enjoying numbers structural order.

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References

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