The Effect of Late Qajar Architectural Developments on the Decorations of Houses in Mashhad

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD student of department of Architecture, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.

2 PhD, Department of Architecture, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Ph.D., Department of Architecture, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.

4 Ph.D., Department of Urban Planning, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.

10.22034/ias.2020.234254.1260

Abstract

The Qajar period is known as the period of the beginning of extensive relations with the Western world. This relationship affected various aspects of Iranian society. Iranian art and architecture in the Qajar period, influenced by the currents of modernity and modernization, initiated a dissimilar manifestation. During this period, the achievements of the Western modernity era entered the body and spirit of the architecture of this period especially within cities, buildings and mansions. Consequently, the architectural decorations were also affected specifically in the facades, entrances, interiors and other architectural elements and components. The present study is a descriptive-analytical method and data is collected via a comparative study on the decorative features of Qajar buildings in Mashhad in the form of documentary and field studies. The general findings of the research show that despite the influences of Western architecture on the architecture of the buildings, the main decorative features applied are brickwork, tiling and plastering. Of course, Western decorative elements such as decorative columns and capitals, sloping ceilings, wooden roof decorations, murals, metal heaters can be observed that emphasize the influence of Western architecture and decorations in the buildings of this period.

Research aims:
Investigating the effects of late Qajar architecture on Mashhad houses with emphasis on decorative elements.
Recognition of imported and traditional decorations in the houses of the late Qajar period.

Research questions:
What decorative aspects of Qajar architecture have been institutionalized in residential areas (Mashhad city)?
Which Qajar decorative features continued from the preceding epoch and influenced the residential buildings of this period?

Keywords

References

Almusaed, A. (2011). Biophilic and Bioclimatic Architecture. UK: Springer- Verlag.
Babaei, M. R. (2001). "Modernity and Modernism", Shamim Yas Magazine, No. 7. [In Persian]
Bani Massoud, A. (2016). Contemporary Iranian Architecture: In the Struggle between Tradition and Modernity, Fifth Edition. Tehran: Publishing the Architectural Art of the Century. [In Persian]
Farahbakhsh, M.; Hanachi, P. & Ghanaie, M. (2017). "Typology of historical houses of the old texture of Mashhad, from the early Qajar to the late Pahlavi I", Iranian Architecture Quarterly (Iranian Architectural Studies), No. 12, pp. 116-97. [In Persian]
Ghasemi Sichani, M. (2010). "Gholam Hossein Architects, Typology of the House in the Qajar Period in Isfahan", Identity City Magazine, No. 7, pp. 44-21. [In Persian]
Ghasemi Sichani, M. (2008). "Recognition of a part of Iranian architectural identity through typological analysis of Isfahan houses in the Qajar period", PhD thesis, Azad University, Science and Research Branch. [In Persian]
Ghobadian, Va. (2013). Stylistics in Theoretical Foundations in Contemporary Iranian Architecture, Tehran: Architect Science Publishing. [In Persian]
Giddens, A. (2000). Abandoned world: discourses on global integration, Translated by A. Saidi, Yusuf Haji Abdul Wahab, Tehran: Science and Literature.
Khatami, M. (2005). "Modernity and Religious Studies, Qom University Scientific Quarterly", No. 1, pp. 22-10. [In Persian]
Kiani, M. (2004). Architecture of the First Pahlavi Period: Transformation of Ideas, Origin and Formation of Architecture of the Twenty-Year Period of Contemporary Iran, Tehran: Institute of Contemporary Iranian History Studies. [In Persian]
Jalili, T. & Akbari, S. (2015). "Study of the evolution of residential plans from the Qajar period to the second Pahlavi", the first annual conference on research in architecture, urban planning and urban planning. [In Persian]
Mirmiran, H. (2009). "A Look at the Architecture of the Qajar Period: The Prosperity of Construction and Payment", Architect Magazine, No. 8, pp. 10-1. [In Persian]
Momeni, C.; Attarian K. & Ghadrdan Gharamaleki, R. (2015). "A Study of the Decorations of Qajar Houses in Qom (Case Study: Shakeri House in Qom)", Journal of Islamic Art Painting, No. 7 and 8, pp. 142-128. [In Persian]
Mohammadzadeh, R. (2011). "Study of the effects of Western modernity on Iranian urban planning", Sefeh Magazine, pp. 79-94. [In Persian]
Nazarbland, N. (2017). "Modernity in the decoration of Qajar houses in Shiraz", No. 95, pp. 61-57. [In Persian]
Ne'mati, L. (2008). The course of modernism in the Qajar era.
Pirnia, M. K. (1990). Iranian architectural methods; Edited by Gholam Hossein Memarian, Tehran: Islamic Art Publishing Institute, Tehran. [In Persian]
Sajjadi, F.; Rostami, M. Rostami, S. (2014). "Historical Roots of the Challenge of Tradition and Modernity in Contemporary Qajar Architecture", Naghsh Jahan, No. 2, pp. 85-76. [In Persian]
Salari Taleghani, M. (2011). "Comparative study of Safavid and Qajar era tile designs", Supervisor: Hossein Soltanzadeh and Consultant: Eskandar Mokhtari, Master Thesis in Art Research, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch. [In Persian]
Saniepour, H.; Farhad, Sh. & Mirza Ali, M. (2017). "Analysis of the traditional architecture of the Qajar period in the mansion of Mofakhm Bojnourd", Fine Arts, Volume 22, Number 2, pp. 17-8. [In Persian]
Zumrashidi, H. (2008). "Arts related to Iranian architecture, the growth of art education", No. 14, pp. 10-1. [In Persian]
Zumrashidi, H. (2016). "Teachings of Iranian architecture and residential construction from the Qajar period until today. Studies of the Islamic Iranian city", No. 3, pp. 10-1. [In Persian]

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics