This research analyzes the illustrations of the book "Kalilah and Demna" in the context of Iranian-Islamic book design art, with an emphasis on the relationship between text and image. The main issue is how the allegorical and didactic stories of Kalilah and Demna, which have been transformed from the Indian original to Persian rewrites after Islam, have been visually embodied in Iranian illustrations, and what developments this embodiment shows in different schools of illustration. Accordingly, using a descriptive-analytical research method based on library studies; first, illustrated versions of Kalilah and Demna in the Islamic period were identified and briefly classified, and then, focusing on the key versions from different schools, the page composition, text and image arrangement, coloring, and the way animals are depicted were studied in a comparative manner. The findings indicate that while maintaining stable narrative cores, the Kalila and Demna illustrations in each period reflect the aesthetic taste, cultural-political contexts, and patronage patterns of the court of that era, and have moved from relatively simple and linear narratives to more complex and polished structures in later schools, especially the Herat school. These results clarify the position of Kalila and Demna illustrations as one of the prominent formations of Iranian-Islamic book design art and strengthen the possibility of developing interdisciplinary studies in the connection between educational literature, illustration, and the history of Islamic thought.